Advice Pool - Reference and Education

No matter what type of paper you're writing, be it a literature review, research report, summary, or analysis, rest assured that you'll be required to name your sources. There are several different types of resource lists, not to mention a numb

According to USFDA, a combination product is one composed of any combination of a drug and device; biological product and device; drug and biological product

er of different styles for writing entries.

A reference list, also called a list of works cited, is a catalog of all the sources you cited or otherwise referred to in your paper. A citation involves giving another author credit for a quote, id

; or drug, device, and biological product and fixed dose combination would include two or more combinations of drug.

Examples of combination products may in

ea, finding, or phrase that you use in your paper. You should cite all direct quotes, as well as instances of paraphrasing; original or novel ideas, perspectives, and facts; and research findings. This is necessary so that authors receive due

lude drug-coated devices, drugs packaged with delivery devices in medical kits, and drugs and devices packaged separately but intended to be used together.

credit for their work. It's also an academic obligation: it provides your readers the opportunity to locate the sources you used, read and interpret the evidence themselves, and perhaps even challenge your conclusions.

In contrast to reference

here is enormous increase in the number of combination products entering the market in the recent years. Combination products have proven advantages but fixe

lists, you list all the sources you read in a bibliography. Even if you do not cite the source, it must receive a mention in the bibliography if you used it in any way throughout the research and writing processes. Thus, books and articles yo

d dose combinations are still in the process of convincing regulatory authority on their advantages over the single ingredient formulations.

Combination pro

u consulted for reference early on must be included in your bibliography, receiving the same attention as those sources you cited extensively.

In addition to various types of resource lists, there are also different styles in which you can comp

ucts have become life saving products for the pharmaceutical companies who doesn’t have many innovative molecules in their product pipeline and have been inc

ile them. Your professor will tell you whether she wants you to use a reference list or bibliography, along with what style your list should be presented in. This information will most likely be in the assignment itself, so read through your h

easingly used in the product life cycle management. Even the companies having product patents are trying to extend their product life cycle through the combi

andouts carefully. When in doubt, it's better to ask the professor than guess!

One of the most popular styles is Modern Language Association (MLA) style. Founded in 1883, the MLA is a professional association that promotes the study and teach

nation products and maximize the revenues. But the companies involved in this practice are overlooking that they are burdening the patients both economically

ing of - you guessed it - language and literature. MLA Style is the format recommended for bibliographies by the Association. Along with the styles developed by the University of Chicago Press and the APA, it's one of the "big three" styles.

and physically. They need to rightly judge the benefits of the combination products and they have to even look at the risks involved when combining the produ

The MLA guidelines are used by more than 125 scholarly journals, newsletters, and magazines, and are quite common in high schools and colleges. You are likely to encounter them at some point in your academic career.

The University of Chicago P

ts. Some of the combination products were well accepted by physicians while others suffered. Companies involved in development of combination products are fi

ress also publishes a style guide, called The Chicago Manual of Style. Now in its 15th edition, the manual explains not only how to document your resources, but also how to deal with copyright issues, design and produce a book, and everything i

ding difficulty in defining their combination products and facing various challenges from selecting a combination to marketing it.

Following aspects would a

n between. The manual has humble origins, starting out as a sheet of typographical basics in the 1890s, morphing into a short pamphlet first published in 1906, and now weighing in at a hefty 986 pages. Aimed at publishers, editors, and writers

dd to the challenges in developing combination products:

Which markets to tap where the combination products can do fairly well?
Which combination prod

, you might have to learn this style if you are majoring communications or related fields.

Also mentioned earlier were the guidelines developed by the American Psychological Association (APA). If you're taking a psychology or other social scie

cts are meaningful and rational?
Which therapeutic categories to select?
Which Combinations can address unmet needs of the patients?
Do combin

nce course, odds are that you'll be using this style for your reference list. The APA is the largest association of psychologists, with over 150,000 members and 53 divisions. The APA's Publication Manual is a comprehensive resource for both st

tions increase the patient compliance?
What would be the developing cost?
How to tackle the risks encountered during combination product developmen

udents and professionals who wish to publish their research. Along with guidelines for writing a reference list, the Publication Manual also includes information on how to organize your paper's content; how to express your ideas coherently; eth

t?

As combination products don't fit into the traditional categories of drugs, medical devices, or biological products, the USFDA is in the process of devel

ical standards for reporting research findings; and how to develop and submit a manuscript for publication. If you ever plan on publishing work in psychology, sociology, social work, criminology, nursing, business or economics, you will need to

ping new procedures for reviewing their safety, efficacy and quality.

Professional from academic institutions, pharmaceutical industries, health care indust

know APA style forwards and backwards!

There are a number of other style guides available; each field prefers a specific style, and many have developed their own guidelines. Thus, you should always double check with your professor to see what

y and representatives from various regulatory agencies are working out to design the regulatory requirements for manufacture and sale of combination products

style she wants you to use.

Even though the reference list falls at the end of your paper, make no mistake - it's extremely important! Any errors you make could inadvertently deny an author credit for her work. Incorrect citations might make

.

As there is an increasing trend of the combination products companies manufacturing such products should be able to tackle the problems involved in the de

it difficult or impossible for your peers to do their own research on the topic. Failure to properly credit your sources could get you in big trouble, whether it's an intentional omission or not. Compiling the list in the incorrect format, wh

elopment. They need to be wiser in analyzing the market trends and the regulatory requirements.

Companies that provide selfless information through particip

ile not as serious as excluding it altogether, may still annoy your professor.

The reference list is more than an afterthought. Afford it as much attention as you do the rest of your paper, and be well on your way to a stellar research report!

tion in industry events and feedback to regulatory authorities would be able to face the challenges and will be successful in developing combination products

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